(1) However, my self-interest is tempered by a sense of epistemic value, namely the value of evidence-based public policy.(2) On one kind of interpretation, Descartes relaxes his epistemic standards in the Sixth Meditation.(3) This is because it remains possible that evaluative epistemic facts supervene on naturalistic ones.(4) In these contexts, my beliefs fail to meet the epistemic standard and therefore fail to count as knowledge.(5) Some Pascalians propose combining pragmatic and epistemic factors in a two-stage process.(6) Again, the goal is metaphysical austerity and faithfulness to our epistemic position.(7) This attitude would seem to lead to a kind of epistemic paralysis.(8) We alone can be wracked with doubt, and we alone have been provoked by that epistemic itch to seek a remedy: better truth-seeking methods.(9) Now, S was not taking an ontological stance, it seems, but rather an epistemic one.(10) This allows them to accord individuals a degree of epistemic privilege with respect to their own inner goings-on.(11) Indeed, many such philosophers are not concerned with the analysis of any ordinary concept of knowledge or of epistemic justification.(12) For example, Ernest Sosa has argued that justified belief is belief that is grounded in epistemic virtue.(13) They are both sources of value in themselves, and sometimes constitute epistemic avenues to value.(14) It is perfectly possible to accept moral relativism while rejecting epistemic relativism - relativism about truth.(15) Nanda locates a number of sources of epistemic charity or nihilism.(16) We can create metaphysical arguments as to their truth or falsity either way, but in everyday epistemic terms cannot help but believe them.
