(1) When an axon is cut the neurilemma forms a regeneration tube.(2) The neurilemma of a medullated fibre contains myelin laid down by Schwann cells.(3) The oligodendrocyte does not form a neurilemma because its cell body does not wrap around any axons.(4) It arises from the outer layer of the neurilemmal sheath of the Schwann cell.(5) Finally, each nerve fiber and its neurilemmal sheath are enclosed by a connective tissue sheath termed endoneurium.(6) Cutaneous neurofibromas are derived from peripheral nerves and supporting structures, including neurilemmal cells.(7) In the cat and monkey myelin changes are prominent at the junction of the glial and neurilemmal portions of the root, which suggests increased vulnerability at that point.(8) These nuclei are believed to be in connection with a delicate sheath corresponding with the neurolemma of the medullated nerve fiber.(9) The axis cylinder is the essential conducting structure of the nerve, while the neurolemma and the myelin act as insulating agents.(10) Histologically, these tumors are named after the cell of origin, the Schwann cell which is also known as a neurilemmal cell, thus these tumors are also known as neurilemmomas.
